Эта система имеет загрузочный раздел на устройстве dm-raid.
Я обновил систему стандартными методами со старой Ubuntu до последней LTS. Теперь, если ядро обновляется с помощью «apt-get upgrade», новое ядро не загружается. На загрузочном экране GRUB также отсутствуют записи.
Я определил, что update-grub работает так, как я ожидал, обновляя раздел, смонтированный в / boot. Однако, когда я загружаю его, GRUB читает корневой диск / загрузочную папку. Он не монтирует рейд isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p1 в / boot перед запуском.
Если я скопирую содержимое смонтированного / загрузочного диска в папку, а затем отключу его и скопирую все содержимое в корневой диск / загрузочную папку, система загрузит новые ядра и покажет все обновления в меню GRUB.
Мне нужна помощь, чтобы убедиться, что GRUB смонтирует загрузочный раздел на основе рейда.
Далее приведены некоторые результаты работы средства восстановления загрузки.
Boot Info Script e7fc706 + Boot-Repair extra info [Boot-Info 23Nov2014]
============================= Boot Info Summary: ===============================
=> No boot loader is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdc.
Operating System: Ubuntu 14.04.1 LTS
Boot files: /etc/fstab
============================ Drive/Partition Info: =============================
"blkid" output: ________________________________________________________________
Device UUID TYPE LABEL
/dev/mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p1 840df97f-7154-49a3-aa9c-02bd092d416c ext2
/dev/mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p5 M9ln25-ua43-3S0c-xWeT-8Ejd-tk2U-kp5nNG LVM2_member
/dev/mapper/server01-root c16300cf-e8da-4e2b-b34a-45d8fc12fb44 ext4
/dev/mapper/server01-swap_1 b67b89f9-a131-46f8-b29b-0eb450e18a6a swap
/dev/sda isw_raid_member
/dev/sdb isw_raid_member
/dev/sdc1 08652f68-2f8e-4044-8c0b-9b33cb623bba ext4
========================= "ls -l /dev/disk/by-id" output: ======================
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Jan 19 23:21 ata-OCZ-VERTEX_30565XA328O39Y3Y2A6G -> ../../sda
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Jan 19 23:21 ata-OCZ-VERTEX_OH43J28TQB2Q7T570144 -> ../../sdb
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Jan 19 23:21 ata-WDC_WD20EARS-00MVWB0_WD-WCAZA1927955 -> ../../sdc
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 19 23:11 ata-WDC_WD20EARS-00MVWB0_WD-WCAZA1927955-part1 -> ../../sdc1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 19 23:11 dm-name-isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0 -> ../../dm-0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 19 23:21 dm-name-isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p1 -> ../../dm-1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 19 23:21 dm-name-isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p2 -> ../../dm-2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 19 23:11 dm-name-isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p5 -> ../../dm-3
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 19 23:21 dm-name-server01-root -> ../../dm-4
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 19 23:21 dm-name-server01-swap_1 -> ../../dm-5
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 19 23:11 dm-uuid-DMRAID-isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0 -> ../../dm-0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 19 23:21 dm-uuid-LVM-P3d2Ucn1G9Wx7NUE0e5vNgabXjXrfHIe555TD7gDdpyqH82c1sP9ofmm1Ook2SIS -> ../../dm-4
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 19 23:21 dm-uuid-LVM-P3d2Ucn1G9Wx7NUE0e5vNgabXjXrfHIeA3DF0518wh8WsbW9i1cbOrcywyAwRUAg -> ../../dm-5
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 19 23:21 dm-uuid-part1-DMRAID-isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0 -> ../../dm-1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 19 23:21 dm-uuid-part2-DMRAID-isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0 -> ../../dm-2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 19 23:11 dm-uuid-part5-DMRAID-isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0 -> ../../dm-3
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 19 23:21 raid-isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0-part1 -> ../../dm-1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 19 23:21 raid-isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0-part2 -> ../../dm-2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 19 23:11 raid-isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0-part5 -> ../../dm-3
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Jan 19 23:21 wwn-0x50014ee2052521f1 -> ../../sdc
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jan 19 23:11 wwn-0x50014ee2052521f1-part1 -> ../../sdc1
========================= "ls -R /dev/mapper/" output: =========================
/dev/mapper:
control
isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0
isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p1
isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p2
isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p5
server01-root
server01-swap_1
================================ Mount points: =================================
Device Mount_Point Type Options
/dev/mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p1 /boot ext2 (rw)
/dev/mapper/server01-root / ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro)
/dev/sdc1 /home/backup/repos ext4 (rw)
=========================== server01-root/etc/fstab: ============================
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid -o value -s UUID' to print the universally unique identifier
# for a device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name
# devices that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
#
proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0
/dev/mapper/server01-root / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
/dev/mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p1 /boot ext2 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/server01-swap_1 none swap sw 0 0
/dev/scd0 /media/floppy0 auto rw,user,noauto,exec,utf8 0 0
UUID=08652f68-2f8e-4044-8c0b-9b33cb623bba /home/backup ext4 defaults 0 2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
========= Devices which don't seem to have a corresponding hard drive: =========
{All_DMRaid}
=================== os-prober:
/dev/mapper/server01-root:The OS now in use - Ubuntu 14.04.1 LTS CurrentSession:linux
=================== blkid:
/dev/sda: TYPE="isw_raid_member"
/dev/sdb: TYPE="isw_raid_member"
/dev/mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p1: UUID="840df97f-7154-49a3-aa9c-02bd092d416c" TYPE="ext2"
/dev/mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p5: UUID="M9ln25-ua43-3S0c-xWeT-8Ejd-tk2U-kp5nNG" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/mapper/server01-root: UUID="c16300cf-e8da-4e2b-b34a-45d8fc12fb44" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/mapper/server01-swap_1: UUID="b67b89f9-a131-46f8-b29b-0eb450e18a6a" TYPE="swap"
[dmraid -sa -c] isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0
Set sda as corresponding disk of mapper/server01-root
1 disks with OS, 1 OS : 1 Linux, 0 MacOS, 0 Windows, 0 unknown type OS.
Warning: extended partition does not start at a cylinder boundary.
DOS and Linux will interpret the contents differently.
sfdisk: ERROR: sector 500734 does not have an msdos signature
Warning: extended partition does not start at a cylinder boundary.
DOS and Linux will interpret the contents differently.
Warning: invalid flag 0x616f of partition table 5 will be corrected by w(rite)
Warning: invalid flag 0x616f of partition table 5 will be corrected by w(rite)
=================== /etc/grub.d/ :
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 21 10:25 grub.d
total 76
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 9761 Oct 28 09:08 00_header
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6058 May 8 2014 05_debian_theme
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 11608 Nov 3 18:39 10_linux
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10412 May 15 2014 20_linux_xen
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1992 Mar 12 2014 20_memtest86+
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 11692 May 15 2014 30_os-prober
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1416 May 15 2014 30_uefi-firmware
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 214 Oct 6 2010 40_custom
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 216 May 15 2014 41_custom
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 483 Oct 6 2010 README
=================== /etc/default/grub :
# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
# For full documentation of the options in this file, see:
# info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration'
GRUB_DEFAULT=0
#GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true
GRUB_TIMEOUT=2
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="ipv6.disable=1 quiet"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""
# Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs
# This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains
# the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...)
#GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef"
# Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only)
#GRUB_TERMINAL=console
# The resolution used on graphical terminal
# note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE
# you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo'
#GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480
# Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true
# Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries
#GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"
# Uncomment to get a beep at grub start
#GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1"
/boot detected in the fstab of mapper/server01-root: /dev/mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p1 (mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p1)
=================== mapper/server01-root/etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf :
# mdadm.conf
#
# Please refer to mdadm.conf(5) for information about this file.
#
# by default (built-in), scan all partitions (/proc/partitions) and all
# containers for MD superblocks. alternatively, specify devices to scan, using
# wildcards if desired.
#DEVICE partitions
# auto-create devices with Debian standard permissions
CREATE owner=root group=disk mode=0660 auto=yes
# automatically tag new arrays as belonging to the local system
HOMEHOST
# instruct the monitoring daemon where to send mail alerts
MAILADDR root
# definitions of existing MD arrays
ARRAY metadata=imsm UUID=a624f30e:6036d720:067d7817:ea238d58
ARRAY /dev/md/Volume0 container=a624f30e:6036d720:067d7817:ea238d58 member=0 UUID=03fe4a37:77503687:17ce6055:d75a6ac2
=================== PARTITIONS & DISKS:
mapper/server01-root : sdb, .
mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p1 : mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0, /boot.
sdb : not-GPT, BIOSboot-not-needed, has-no-EFIpart, not-usb, has-os, 2048 sectors * 512 bytes
sda : not-GPT, BIOSboot-not-needed, has-no-EFIpart, not-usb, no-os, 2048 sectors * 512 bytes
mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0 : not-GPT, BIOSboot-not-needed, has-no-EFIpart, not-usb, no-os, 2048 sectors * 512 bytes
=================== mount:
/dev/mapper/server01-root on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro)
/dev/mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p1 on /boot type ext2 (rw)
=================== ls:
Disk /dev/mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p1 doesn't contain a valid partition table
fdisk: unable to read /dev/mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p2: Inappropriate ioctl for device
=================== df -Th:
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/server01-root ext4 225G 209G 4.7G 98% /
/dev/mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p1 ext2 229M 123M 94M 57% /boot
/dev/sdc1 ext4 1.8T 573G 1.2T 33% /home/backup
=================== fdisk -l:
Disk /dev/sda: 128.0 GB, 128035676160 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 15566 cylinders, total 250069680 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00087dad
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 512 500223 249856 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 500734 500130303 249814785 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 ? 809621278 1718751574 454565148+ 32 Unknown
Disk /dev/sdb: 128.0 GB, 128035676160 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 15566 cylinders, total 250069680 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x99e561ed
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Disk /dev/mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0: 256.1 GB, 256066715648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 31131 cylinders, total 500130304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 131072 bytes / 262144 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00087dad
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p1 512 500223 249856 83 Linux
/dev/mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p2 500734 500130303 249814785 5 Extended
Partition 2 does not start on physical sector boundary.
/dev/mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p5 500736 500130303 249814784 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p1: 255 MB, 255852544 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 31 cylinders, total 499712 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 131072 bytes / 262144 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Partition outside the disk detected.
=================== Suggested repair
The default repair of the Boot-Repair utility would purge
(in order to enable-raid enable-lvm) and reinstall the
grub2 of mapper/server01-root into the MBR of sdb, using
the following options:
mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p1/boot,
The boot flag would be placed on sdc1.
Additional repair would be performed:
unhide-bootmenu-10s
=================== Advice in case of suggested repair
Warning: continuing without internet would leave your system
unbootable. Please connect internet.
Do you want to continue?
=================== Final advice in case of suggested repair
Please do not forget to make your BIOS boot on sdb (128GB) disk!
=================== User settings
The settings chosen by the user will not act on the boot.
Я не уверен в предложениях.
The boot flag would be placed on sdc1.
sdc1 - это резервный диск, он не всегда будет там. Думаю, мне не нужна загрузка с этого диска.
Я беспокоюсь, что это может перестать загружаться. Для восстановления загрузки требуется Интернет, но этот сервер не будет иметь доступа к Интернету.
Итак, я прошу вас поделиться некоторыми командами grub для выполнения других шагов:
purge and reinstall the grub2 of mapper/server01-root into the MBR of sdb, using the following options:
mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0p1/boot,
Additional repair would be performed:
unhide-bootmenu-10s
Это описано в вики Ubuntu. Может быть, в первую очередь следовало спросить там. Сожалею. Но на случай будущих посетителей. Вот это ссылка. Однако конфигурация рейда не допускала установку на / dev / sdb, как указано в boot-repair. Установка должна идти на основной том рейда. Вот это другая ссылка об этом.
А вот краткая версия:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get purge grub-common
sudo apt-get install grub-pc #Choose /dev/mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0
sudo update-grub
sudo grub-install /dev/mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0
sudo grub-install --recheck /dev/mapper/isw_dbbbejgeca_Volume0