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Как переключить определенные порты прокси на другой сервер за брандмауэром с помощью Apache mod_proxy

У меня есть два веб-сервера, один Apache 2 и другой IIS 8, и оба находятся в локальной сети за межсетевым экраном. У меня на брандмауэре открыты порты 80, 443 и 8080-8088. У меня есть размещенная на внешнем сервере запись A DNS, указывающая на мой брандмауэр, и правила брандмауэра, которые перенаправляют эти порты на сервер Apache. У меня также есть запись DNS в локальной сети, которая указывает запись A на локальный адрес изнутри брандмауэра. (т.е. вне брандмауэра www.example.com указывает на 1.2.3.4, но внутри того же адреса указывает на 192.168.1.1). Я хочу, чтобы порты 8080-8084 на сервере Apache были перенаправлены на сервер IIS, а остальные порты (80, 443, 8085-8088) обрабатывались Apache как обычно. Весь трафик является либо HTTP (или, возможно, HTTPS в будущем, если потребуется), поэтому, даже если номера портов нестандартные, весь трафик является обычным для веб-сайта.

В качестве примера предположим следующее:

Я попытался настроить правило прокси для каждого из этих сценариев:

  1. h ttp: //www.example.com/ указывает на веб-сайт Apache по умолчанию (apache: 80 /).
  2. h ttps: //www.example.com/ указывает на веб-сайт SSL Apache (apache: 443 /)
  3. ч ттп: //www.example.com:8080/ указывает на веб-сайт IIS по умолчанию (iis: 80 /)
  4. ч ttps: //www.example.com:8080/ указывает на веб-сайт SSL IIS (iis:443/) - Я не мог понять, как это сделать, поэтому указал на h ttps: //www.example.com:8083/, хотя я бы предпочел, чтобы он работал так, как задумано
  5. h ttp: //www.example.com: 8081 /вики/ указывает на вики IIS (iis: 8081 /ш/) - перенаправляет порт и модифицирует URL
  6. h ttp: //www.example.com: 8088 / указывает на виртуальный хост на Apache (apache: 8088 /)

(Заметка: "http"отображается как"h ttp"выше, чтобы сайт не подумал, что я спамлю это сообщение ссылками.)

Вот что я придумал благодаря помощи Другой вопрос и глядя на Документы VirtualHost из Apache. К сожалению, это не работает.

Порт 80 и 8088 работают правильно. Порт 443 не может завершить безопасное соединение (которое может быть совершенно не связанным, поэтому сейчас я не буду об этом беспокоиться). Порт 8080 просто зависает, и браузер в итоге отказывается. Порты 8081-8087 делают то же самое. Это заставляет меня думать, что проксирование работает некорректно.

В дополнение к любой помощи в получении этой работы, не стесняйтесь предлагать способы сделать ее проще / короче / эффективнее / безопаснее. Спасибо!

Я заменил концептуальный код в своем исходном посте на свой полный (полуработающий) httpd.conf файл (и обновил примечания выше, чтобы отразить изменение): # # Это основной файл конфигурации HTTP-сервера Apache. Он содержит # директивы конфигурации, которые дают серверу инструкции. # См. Http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/> для получения подробной информации. # В частности, см. # Http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/directives.html> # для обсуждения каждой директивы конфигурации. # # НЕ просто читайте здесь инструкции, # не понимая, что они делают. Они здесь только в качестве подсказок или напоминаний. Если вы не уверены, # обратитесь к онлайн-документации. Вы были предупреждены.
# # Имена конфигурационных файлов и файлов журнала: Если имена файлов, которые вы указываете для многих # управляющих файлов сервера, начинаются с "/" (или "диск: /" для Win32), сервер # будет использовать этот явный путь. Если имена файлов не # начинайте с "/", значение ServerRoot добавляется в начало - поэтому 'log / access_log' # с ServerRoot, установленным в '/ www', будет # интерпретироваться сервером как '/ www / log / access_log', где как ' / log / access_log 'будет # интерпретироваться как' / log / access_log '.

#
# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's
# configuration, error, and log files are kept.
#
# Do not add a slash at the end of the directory path.  If you point
# ServerRoot at a non-local disk, be sure to specify a local disk on the
# Mutex directive, if file-based mutexes are used.  If you wish to share the
# same ServerRoot for multiple httpd daemons, you will need to change at
# least PidFile.
#
ServerRoot "/etc/httpd"

#
# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or
# ports, instead of the default. See also the <VirtualHost>
# directive.
#
# Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to 
# prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses.
#
#Listen 12.34.56.78:80
#Listen 80

#
# Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support
#
# To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you
# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the
# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.
# Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l') do not need
# to be loaded here.
#
# Example:
# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so
#
Include conf.modules.d/*.conf

#
# If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run
# httpd as root initially and it will switch.  
#
# User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.
# It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for
# running httpd, as with most system services.
#
User apache
Group apache

# 'Main' server configuration
#
# The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'
# server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a
# <VirtualHost> definition.  These values also provide defaults for
# any <VirtualHost> containers you may define later in the file.
#
# All of these directives may appear inside <VirtualHost> containers,
# in which case these default settings will be overridden for the
# virtual host being defined.
#

#
# ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be
# e-mailed.  This address appears on some server-generated pages, such
# as error documents.  e.g. admin@your-domain.com
#
ServerAdmin no-reply@example.com

#
# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.
# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify
# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.
#
# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.
#
#ServerName www.example.com:80
ServerName www.example.com:80

#
# Deny access to the entirety of your server's filesystem. You must
# explicitly permit access to web content directories in other 
# <Directory> blocks below.
#
<Directory />
    AllowOverride none
    Require all denied
</Directory>

#
# Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow
# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as
# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it
# below.
#

#
# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but
# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
#
#DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"
DocumentRoot "/var/www/www.example.com_80"

#
# Relax access to content within /var/www.
#
<Directory "/var/www">
    AllowOverride None
    # Allow open access:
    Require all granted
</Directory>

# Further relax access to the default document root:
#<Directory "/var/www/html">
<Directory "/var/www/www.example.com_80">
    #
    # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
    # or any combination of:
    #   Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
    #
    # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
    # doesn't give it to you.
    #
    # The Options directive is both complicated and important.  Please see
    # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#options
    # for more information.
    #
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

    #
    # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
    # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
    #   Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
    #
    #AllowOverride None
    AllowOverride Options

    #
    # Controls who can get stuff from this server.
    #
    Require all granted
</Directory>

#
# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory
# is requested.
#
<IfModule dir_module>
    #DirectoryIndex index.html
    DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.htm Default.htm
</IfModule>

#
# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being 
# viewed by Web clients. 
#
<Files ".ht*">
    Require all denied
</Files>
# WM: Added the Windows _vti_cnf
<Files "_vti_cnf">
    Require all denied
</Files>
# WM: Added the Dreamweaver _notes
<Files "_notes*">
    Require all denied
</Files>

#
# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost>
# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be
# logged here.  If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost>
# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.
#
ErrorLog "logs/error_log"

#
# LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
#
#LogLevel warn
LogLevel notice

<IfModule log_config_module>
    #
    # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
    # a CustomLog directive (see below).
    #
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common

    <IfModule logio_module>
      # You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O
      LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio
    </IfModule>

    #
    # The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).
    # If you do not define any access logfiles within a <VirtualHost>
    # container, they will be logged here.  Contrariwise, if you *do*
    # define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be
    # logged therein and *not* in this file.
    #
    #CustomLog "logs/access_log" common

    #
    # If you prefer a logfile with access, agent, and referer information
    # (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.
    #
    CustomLog "logs/access_log" combined
</IfModule>

<IfModule alias_module>
    #
    # Redirect: Allows you to tell clients about documents that used to 
    # exist in your server's namespace, but do not anymore. The client 
    # will make a new request for the document at its new location.
    # Example:
    # Redirect permanent /foo http://www.example.com/bar

    #
    # Alias: Maps web paths into filesystem paths and is used to
    # access content that does not live under the DocumentRoot.
    # Example:
    # Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path
    #
    # If you include a trailing / on /webpath then the server will
    # require it to be present in the URL.  You will also likely
    # need to provide a <Directory> section to allow access to
    # the filesystem path.

    #
    # ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts. 
    # ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that
    # documents in the target directory are treated as applications and
    # run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the
    # client.  The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias
    # directives as to Alias.
    #
    ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/"

</IfModule>

#
# "/var/www/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased
# CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.
#
<Directory "/var/www/cgi-bin">
    AllowOverride None
    Options None
    Require all granted
</Directory>

<IfModule mime_module>
    #
    # TypesConfig points to the file containing the list of mappings from
    # filename extension to MIME-type.
    #
    TypesConfig /etc/mime.types

    #
    # AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration
    # file specified in TypesConfig for specific file types.
    #
    #AddType application/x-gzip .tgz
    #
    # AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress
    # information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.
    #
    #AddEncoding x-compress .Z
    #AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz
    #
    # If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you
    # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:
    #
    AddType application/x-compress .Z
    AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz

    #
    # AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers":
    # actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server
    # or added with the Action directive (see below)
    #
    # To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories:
    # (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.)
    #
    #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi

    # For type maps (negotiated resources):
    #AddHandler type-map var

    #
    # Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client.
    #
    # To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI):
    # (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.)
    #
    AddType text/html .shtml
    AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml
</IfModule>

#
# Specify a default charset for all content served; this enables
# interpretation of all content as UTF-8 by default.  To use the 
# default browser choice (ISO-8859-1), or to allow the META tags
# in HTML content to override this choice, comment out this
# directive:
#
AddDefaultCharset UTF-8

#
# The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the
# contents of the file itself to determine its type.  The MIMEMagicFile
# directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.
#
MIMEMagicFile conf/magic

#
# Customizable error responses come in three flavors:
# 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects
#
# Some examples:
#ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo."
#ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html
#ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl"
#ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html
#

#
# EnableMMAP and EnableSendfile: On systems that support it, 
# memory-mapping or the sendfile syscall may be used to deliver
# files.  This usually improves server performance, but must
# be turned off when serving from networked-mounted 
# filesystems or if support for these functions is otherwise
# broken on your system.
# Defaults if commented: EnableMMAP On, EnableSendfile Off
#
#EnableMMAP off
EnableSendfile on

# Supplemental configuration
#
# Load config files in the "/etc/httpd/conf.d" directory, if any.
IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf
ServerTokens ProductOnly





Listen 80

# Apache #0 port 80 (default Website)
<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot /var/www/www.example.com_80
    ServerName  www.example.com
    ServerAlias example
    ServerAlias apache.example.local
    ServerAlias apache
    ServerAlias www.example.local
    ServerAlias www
</VirtualHost>

# Apache #0 port 443 (default secured Website)
<VirtualHost *:443>
    DocumentRoot /var/www/www.example.com_443
    ServerName  www.example.com
    ServerAlias example
    ServerAlias apache.example.local
    ServerAlias apache
    ServerAlias www.example.local
    ServerAlias www
</VirtualHost>

# IIS #1 port 80 (accessed using Apache port 8080)
<VirtualHost *:8080>
    ProxyPreserveHost On
    ProxyPass / http://iis.example.local/
    ProxyPassReverse / http://iis.example.local/
    ServerName  www.example.com
    ServerAlias example
    ServerAlias apache.example.local
    ServerAlias apache
    ServerAlias www.example.local
    ServerAlias www
</VirtualHost>

# IIS #2 port 8081
<VirtualHost *:8081>
    ProxyPreserveHost On
    ProxyPass / http://iis.example.local:8081/
    ProxyPassReverse / http://iis.example.local:8081/
    ServerName  www.example.com
    ServerAlias example
    ServerAlias apache.example.local
    ServerAlias apache
    ServerAlias www.example.local
    ServerAlias www
</VirtualHost>

# IIS #3 port 8082
<VirtualHost *:8082>
    ProxyPreserveHost On
    ProxyPass / http://iis.example.local:8082/
    ProxyPassReverse / http://iis.example.local:8082/
    ServerName  www.example.com
    ServerAlias example
    ServerAlias apache.example.local
    ServerAlias apache
    ServerAlias www.example.local
    ServerAlias www
</VirtualHost>

# IIS #4 port 8083
<VirtualHost *:8083>
    ProxyPreserveHost On
    ProxyPass / http://iis.example.local:8083/
    ProxyPassReverse / http://iis.example.local:8083/
    ServerName  www.example.com
    ServerAlias example
    ServerAlias apache.example.local
    ServerAlias apache
    ServerAlias www.example.local
    ServerAlias www
</VirtualHost>

# IIS #5 port 8084
<VirtualHost *:8084>
    ProxyPreserveHost On
    ProxyPass / http://iis.example.local:8084/
    ProxyPassReverse / http://iis.example.local:8084/
    ServerName  www.example.com
    ServerAlias example
    ServerAlias apache.example.local
    ServerAlias apache
    ServerAlias www.example.local
    ServerAlias www
</VirtualHost>

# Apache #1 port 8085
<VirtualHost *:8085>
    DocumentRoot /var/www/www.example.com_8085
    ServerName  www.example.com
    ServerAlias example
    ServerAlias apache.example.local
    ServerAlias apache
    ServerAlias www.example.local
    ServerAlias www
</VirtualHost>

# Apache #2 port 8086
<VirtualHost *:8086>
    DocumentRoot /var/www/www.example.com_8086
    ServerName  www.example.com
    ServerAlias example
    ServerAlias apache.example.local
    ServerAlias apache
    ServerAlias www.example.local
    ServerAlias www
</VirtualHost>

# Apache #3 port 8087
<VirtualHost *:8087>
    DocumentRoot /var/www/www.example.com_8087
    ServerName  www.example.com
    ServerAlias example
    ServerAlias apache.example.local
    ServerAlias apache
    ServerAlias www.example.local
    ServerAlias www
</VirtualHost>

# Apache #4 port 8088
<VirtualHost *:8088>
    DocumentRoot /var/www/www.example.com_8088
    ServerName  www.example.com
    ServerAlias example
    ServerAlias apache.example.local
    ServerAlias apache
    ServerAlias www.example.local
    ServerAlias www
</VirtualHost>